Field Demonstration and Validation of a New Device for Measuring Water and Solute Fluxes at CFB Borden
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The use of contaminant flux and contaminant mass discharge as robust metrics for assessment of risks at contaminated sites, and for evaluating the performance of site remediation efforts has gained increasing acceptance within the scientific, regulatory and user communities. Such gradual increase in acceptance and use of innovative technologies is slower in the environmental community, requiring a sound theoretical basis accepted widely in the technical circles and field- scale demonstration at diverse sites. In 2001 ESTCP funded a project (CU-0114) to demonstrate and validate a new monitoring technology known as the passive flux meter (PFM). This device provides direct in situ measurements of both subsurface water and contaminant fluxes. The focus of this project was to demonstrate and validate the PFM for measuring simultaneously the groundwater and contaminant fluxes in contaminated aquifers. This report presents results of PFM demonstration/validation from a series of controlled field experiments conducted at the CFB Borden Demonstration Site in Ontario, Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".