Climate and climate change in the sub-Antarctic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Meteorologically, the sub-Antarctic is sparsely represented in the climate literature. Drawing on a variety of sources that are either directly or indirectly linked to the sub-Antarctic, an overview of the climate of the sub-Antarctic is presented, In doing so, we note that, for the most part, the sub-Antarctic climate is more or less fixed to mean monthly air temperatures between -5C and +15C. Brief discussion explores the roles of teleconnections that appear to affect the sub-Antarctic climate, focusing on the Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode (SAM). We report on meteorological evidence of climate change that has occurred in the recent history of the sub-Antarctic and note that rainfall dimate-change signals from Marion and Macquarie islands are consistent with trends associated with the SAM index. We report that modelling suggests that the climate of the sub-Antarctic will continue to change through the twenty-first century in line with twentieth-century trends. The need for more research into the climate of the sub-Antarctic, underpinned by a robust databank of quality controlled sub-Antarctic meteorological data, is noted.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".