Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract For the most part, the focus of distributed learning has steered away from pre-tertiary education; however, there is a growing demand today to consider alternative methods of delivering instruction at this level of education. While this is not a new concept, and distance education has been used in the past to service high school students residing in remote areas, falling enrollments, financial cut-backs and escalating drop out rates now make it conceivable to provide correspondence courses to located in major urban centers. These within schools can function only if effective organizational structures are applied at the host institution. Furthermore, support systems must be employed in order to ensure that adolescents learning at a distance are successful. These strategies may need to sacrifice some of the student's autonomy and as such, fall beyond traditional notions of distributed learning designed for adults. On the whole, distance education has tended to focus on the mature learner. Yet, there is a growing demand today to examine unique delivery systems for the many high school students who can no longer be serviced by conventional instruction. The latter includes but is not limited to students who reside in areas that are geographically isolated from metropolitan centers. In fact, escalating drop out rates, continuing budgetary constraints and falling enrollments in some regions have made it not only feasible but imperative that urban now consider alternative methods of distributing education. Current Canadian statistics are staggering. For example, some Canadian school systems report that 3 out of 10 students do not complete high school (Employment and Immigration Canada, 2001). Seeing that employment opportunities for unskilled workers continue to disappear in the North American context, these figures are extremely alarming. In a highly competitive global market, it will be difficult to maintain an economic foothold with a weakened manpower base. As newer jobs demand specialized skills and training, dropouts will not be marketable and will eventually be forced to rely on social services in order to survive. The increased stress on these programs will be costly for everyone, and will burden and perhaps even collapse already fragile systems. Isolating a single factor for the drop out problem is a complicated task. Social, financial and personal components must be examined. However, what is certain is that many of these students terminate their studies prematurely because they can no longer cope with traditional, classroom instruction (Beatty, A., Neisser, U., Trent, W.T., & Heubert, J.P., 2001). Continuing cutbacks in educational budgets have also drained many of the resources previously available to metropolitan school districts. As such, many of these institutions have been hard pressed to provide services to those high school students who (because of particular circumstances i.e., illness, involvement in external, athletic programs or other concentrations, pregnant teenagers, young offenders etc.) require a flexible schedule in order to complete their secondary education requirements(Robertson, H.J., 1998). Fluctuating enrollments in some regions have created a two-tier system of education in many urban centers (Manchee, D., 2001). Schools with large and well-to-do populations have been able to offer a progressive syllabus inclusive of a number of specialty courses (i.e., drama, music, advanced science and mathematic courses etc.), while other have had to cancel many of these courses because of low student enrollment. Unfortunately, many of these specialized programs tend to form a base of prerequisite material needed for entrance in certain fields of collegial study. As staffing is also dependent on student population, and financial considerations, many are no longer able to maintain adequate teacher expertise in a variety of disciplines (Beer, M. …
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".