Corrosion of UNS S30403 Stainless Steel Trays in an Amine Unit
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Some stainless steel trays were found corroded in an amine unit during a turnaround in one of the plants. Corrosion products and corrosion features were characterized on three tray samples through various techniques: XRD, SEM/EDX, TGA-FTIR, ICP-MS, head-space GS-MS. Only part of the steel trays was visually corroded, with black, grey, or rusty brown colored corrosion products. The uncorroded steel surface no longer showed original shiny grey surface, rather a slightly greenish discoloration. Evidence of intergranular corrosion, however, was found in the visually un-corroded and discolored steel surface, which was mainly covered by FeCO3. The corrosion products on the visually corroded surface were identified as mainly FeCO3 and FeS; in addition, some organics and foreign elements were also discovered in the corrosion products. Based on the fact part of the steel trays was corroded and the splashed S-rich deposits were still present on the visually uncorroded surface without being washed away, it was reasonably stated that these amine trays of concern were not always or completely wetted by the amine solution during process condition. Condensation or deposits, therefore, could adhere to the surface, resulting in the formation of intergranular corrosion across the steel surface. Splashing, caused by foaming and free-fall impact from the amine solution, wetted some of intergranularly corroded surface with S-containing solution with/without small particulates. The steel at these areas started to crack. The attacked grain-boundaries opened up, resulting in the disintegration of the grains. Circular pits were subsequently formed. With the expansion and coalescence of the pits, large amounts of materials were wasted, leading to severe corrosion of the amine trays.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".