Intermaxillary screw fixation in mandibular fracture repair.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To be successful, mandibular fracture reduction requires restoring premorbid occlusion. Intermaxillary fixation (IMF) is a founding principle of accurate mandibular fracture repair. Although arch bars are currently the standard in securing IMF, IMF screws have many potential benefits and should therefore not be overlooked. The goals of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of IMF screws in the management of mandibular fractures, describe the technique, and identify those who will benefit from it without compromising the end results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six consecutive patients with single or multiple displaced fractures of the mandible were treated using screw IMF. Open reduction internal fixation was then accomplished in the usual fashion. Postoperative plain films were used to evaluate fracture reduction and screw placement. Data were collected prospectively from clinical and radiologic evaluations at regular follow-up appointments. RESULTS: Thirty-five (97.2%) of 36 patients demonstrated normal occlusion at the follow-up examination 6 weeks postoperatively. One case of root fracture and four cases of root impingement by screws were observed at the follow-up examinations. CONCLUSIONS: Cortical bone screws offer a reliable alternative to more traditional methods of obtaining IMF in the treatment of mandibular fractures and present many advantages to the surgeon and the patient. Their use may be limited to specific clinical situations and potential consequences, of which the surgeon must be aware. Adequate preoperative planning is therefore essential to maximize successful results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".