Erythromycin and Rho‐Kinase Activity: Another Pathway Responsible for its Gastrointestinal Motility‐Enhancing Effect
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Erythromycin enhances gastrointestinal motility and is used to treat feeding intolerance in neonates. Erythromycin is thought to enhance gastric emptying through activation of motilin receptors, but the mechanism is not completely understood and motilin does not induce gastric contraction in newborn rabbits. Hypothesizing that erythromycin promotes gastric emptying via motilin receptor independent pathways, we evaluated its effect on gastric and pyloric tissue. Adult rabbit and newborn rat tissue were studied, since motilin receptors are present in the former, but not in rodents. The in vivo acute erythromycin effect on newborn rodent gastric emptying was measured via ultrasound. Gastrointestinal muscle tone is directly dependent on rho‐kinase II (ROCK) activity, thus the phosphorylated MYPT/total MYPT expression ratio was utilized as a surrogate marker of its activity and measured in fundic and pyloric tissue following carbachol exposure in the absence or presence of erythromycin. Results Erythromycin promoted a similar pattern of ROCK activity changes in both species. Erythromycin exposure significantly increased fundic, but reduced pyloric tissue ROCK activity, thus favoring enhanced gastric emptying. Erythromycin ip injection in newborn rodents increased the 3 hour post‐feed stomach milk clearance from 60±2 % to 76±3 % (P<0.01). Conclusion Erythromycin enhances gastrointestinal motility via rho‐kinase pathway and this explains its effects in newborn rodents where the gastrointestinal tract motilin receptors are absent. image
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".