Preliminary evaluation and selection of stevia under Malaysian conditions.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Accessions of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) were introduced from Russia, Paraguay, Canada, USA and Japan. After vegetative propagation, they were field planted for observations on their leaf yield over harvests in the period of one year. Of the 67 accessions, six with high rates of success in vegetative propagation (thus, yielding more plants) were selected. All of these originated from Canada, except for one from Russia. The selected accessions were evaluated in two field trials, over seven and six harvests. The highest yielding accessions were MSR 028, MR 0 2 and MR 007. MSR 028 topped 0 t/ha in cumulative fresh leaf yields, which is equivalent to 2.8 t/ha dry leaf yield and similar to what has been reported in Canada where stevia is planted as an annual. Thus, ratooning may be able to overcome the problem of early harvests (after month) necessitated by the short daylength conditions in Malaysia. *Rice and Industrial Crops Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Serdang, P.O. Box 230 , 50774 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia **MARDI Bukit Raya, P.O. Box , Pendang Post Office, 06707 Pendang, Kedah, Malaysia Authors’ full names: Tan Swee Lian, Muhammad Ghawas Maarof, Mohamad Najib Mohd Yusof and Zawayi Mat E-mail: sltan@mardi.gov.my © Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute 2008 Introduction Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is a herbaceous plant originating from Paraguay. The plant, especially the leaves, produces diterpene glycosides, primarily stevioside and rebaudioside, which have a sweetening effect reportedly 40–250 times sweeter than sucrose (Brandle 2004). For this reason, interest in this plant has picked up in recent years because of its potential as a non-calorific natural sweetener – a boon to the health food industry, particularly targeted to individuals with an obesity problem as well as diabetics. Interest in this plant has also arisen in Malaysia as a result of the sugar shortage not too long ago. Except in the extreme northern part of the Peninsula, the generally wet climate of Malaysia does not favour sugarcane cultivation, and the country has been largely dependent on sugar imports to satisfy local demand. Malaysians are known for their ‘sweet tooth’, consuming a lot of sugar not only in their drinks and beverages but also in their snacks, such as traditional cakes. This unhealthy habit may be partially responsible for the alarming rise in diabetic cases – from 0.65% of the population in 960 to 6– 8% in 998 (Mustaffa 998). Apart from a doctoral thesis in 990 (Wong 990), very little research has been carried out on stevia in the country. With the resurgence of interest, in 2004, several introductions were made from various sources which were subsequently evaluated under local conditions. This paper reports preliminary results of these evaluations,
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".