Micro rotary-linear actuator assisted by ferrofluid levitation for 3-dimensional endoscopic imaging
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports the first microactuator that selectively and simultaneously produces rotational and linear motions of its rotor/slider targeted at applications for minimally invasive active catheters. The magnet rotor/slider component is levitated by ferrofluid accumulated around it inside a catheter tube, achieving low-friction actuation for electromagnetic rotation of the component and/or its pneumatic sliding along the tube's axis. A microfabricated prototype of the actuator is coupled with a prism mirror to demonstrate full 3-dimentional (3D) scanning of an energy beam, verifying the designed functionality of the actuator. Testing of the prototype reveals a superior axial stability of rotation over the preceding device with no linear actuation function. The results indicate a promising potential for circumferential 3D imaging usable for different types of endoscopic imaging including ultrasound and optical coherence tomography.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".