Analysis of the Hg-Na arc-W cathode interactions at increasingly high Na contents
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary form only given, as follows. The effect of increasingly high sodium contents on the attachment conditions of a DC mercury-sodium (Hg-Na) arc discharge on a tungsten (W) cathode is studied. A physical model based on the collisionless assumption is used for the description of the cathode sheath. The solution of this model; i.e. the plasma heat flux versus the cathode surface temperature, is coupled to a thermal model for the cathode bulk for a self-consistent solution of the problem under diffuse attachment conditions. Domains of existence for self-sustaining operation of the system in the electron temperature at the sheath edge - cathode surface temperatures space (T/sub e/-T/sub s/ space) are obtained versus the Na content in the arc discharge and reveal the higher cathode surface temperature requirements as the Na content increases. For a typical set of HPS lamp operating conditions (p=1 atm, p/sub Hg/=0.9P, p/sub Na/=0.1P, I=3.2 A), the model predicts melting of the pure W cathode tip. The substantial increase of the operating tip temperature at increasingly high Na content is attributed to the increasingly high density of Na/sup +/ ions, itself associated with the much lower ionization potential of Na with respect to Hg, which must be sustained by the electron emission processes. Lowering the W cathode tip work function brings the operating temperatures to lower values in agreement with well-known experimental facts.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it