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Record W1482311334 · doi:10.1002/9780471740360.ebs1236

Ultrasonic Transducers for Medical Imaging

2006· other· en· W1482311334 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueWiley Encyclopedia of Biomedical Engineering · 2006
Typeother
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicUltrasound Imaging and Elastography
Canadian institutionsQueen's University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsTransducerUltrasonic sensorUltrasoundAcousticsUltrasound imagingMedical ultrasoundImage qualityComputer scienceMaterials scienceBiomedical engineeringEngineeringComputer visionPhysicsImage (mathematics)

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Abstract The performance of modern ultrasound imaging systems is primarily determined by the characteristics of the ultrasound transducer. Early imaging systems were based on single‐element transducers. These transducers had a fixed focal distance and had to be mechanically scanned to create an image. The systems were cumbersome to use, and the image quality was relatively poor. Much of the success of modern ultrasound imaging can be attributed to the development of efficient transducer arrays. The ultrasound beam produced by an array can be electronically steered and focused. Electronic steering avoids the need to mechanically scan the transducer, whereas electronic focusing provides improved resolution over a large imaging depth. Since transducer arrays were first introduced in the late 1970s, there has been a steady improvement in the efficiency and resolution of arrays. Transducer arrays are now available in a variety of geometries and operating frequencies, each optimized for a particular imaging application. As new transducer materials and improved fabrication techniques have become available, there has been a corresponding improvement in the quality of the ultrasound images. The pace of this development has not slowed, and improvements in ultrasound imaging can be expected for many years to come.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.061
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.003
GPT teacher head0.219
Teacher spread0.216 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it