Effect of Graphite Pore‐Forming Agents on the Sintering Characteristics of Ni/YSZ Composites for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pore‐forming agents are an effective way to engineer porosity in a sintered compact. When adding graphite to tape cast nickel oxide (NiO) and yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) composites, the amount of porosity created is similar to the volume of graphite added. The sintering characteristics of NiO/YSZ composites with varying graphite loadings are similar to the sintering characteristics of the graphite‐free composites. Below a critical graphite loading of 20 vol% graphite of the pressed green volume, the volumetric sintering shrinkage increases slightly with increasing graphite loading because of the higher organic material content in the tape. Above a graphite loading of 20 vol%, swelling in the composite thickness is severe thus introducing greater linear sintering shrinkage anisotropy. The sintering anisotropy is attributed to the delamination of the tape cast layers caused by the large volume of exit gases formed during the graphite burnout.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".