Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Immigration has long been central to Canada's economic development and nation‐building aspirations. During periods of economic growth, immigration policy, with its attendant legislation and regulations, has sought to regulate if not solicit the orderly inflow of labor to capital. Through the late 18th and well into the 19th centuries the majority of immigrants entering Canada were either farmers encouraged to settle the Canadian agricultural hinterland – including, after the completion of the first transcontinental railway, Canada's vast and fertile western plains – or wage laborers who worked on Canada's canal and railway networks or in labor‐intensive mining, forestry, and nascent manufacturing sectors. During periods of economic slowdown and shrinking employment markets, the Canadian welcome mat for immigrants was withdrawn and immigration policy redirected towards restricting the entry of jobseeking “foreigners.” The Canadian state's heavy‐handed use of deportation ensured that “unwanted” immigrants would not place undue demands on existing forms of social provision or threaten stability through the spread of “mutinous ideologies” (such as socialism) and practices (such as union organizing).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".