Dismissal of a President: The Ordeal of Carleton Stanley at Dalhousie University, 1943-1945
Bibliographic record
Abstract
THE ROAD TO ACADEMIC FREEDOM is paved with the courage periodic martyrdom of non-conformist professors, historian Paul Axelrod has observed.1 He might have added and non-conformist administrators, with Carleton Stanley, the president of Dalhousie University from 1931 to 1945, as an example. To paraphrase Axelrod, Stanley, who was a freethinking educationist, radical liberal, civil libertarian social critic, provoked the anger sometimes the might of university governors powerful politicians. Hostility to political radicalism exposed Stanley to censorious treatment which culminated in his dismissal in January 1 945 ? Described by the University of Toronto Quarterly in 1945 as one of Canada's leading humanists, Carleton Stanley (1886-1971) was among those notable critics of social science who, according to Axelrod John Reid, denounced the erosion of moral philosophy, the decline of the classics [and] the emergence of applied psychology. Nevertheless unlike the others he did not view professionalism as an incursion;3 he simply wished to civilize the so-called learned professions with classical humanism.4 In 1925 Stanley had become associate
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.055 | 0.012 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.013 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".