IFN‐λ‐mediated IL‐12 production in macrophages induces IFN‐γ production in human NK cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With increasing interest in alternative options to interferon-alpha-based treatments, IFN-λ has shown therapeutic promise in a variety of diseases. Although the antiviral activity of IFN-λ has been extensively studied, there is limited knowledge regarding the immunological functions of IFN-λ and how these differ from those of other classes of IFNs. In this study, we investigated the effects of IFN-λ on primary human NK cells, both in a direct and indirect capacity. We demonstrate that in contrast to interferon-alpha, IFN-λ is unable to directly stimulate NK cells, due to the absence of IFN-λ receptor chain 1 (IFN-λR1) on NK cells. However, IFN-λ, in combination with TLR4 challenge, is able to induce the production of select members of the IL-12 family of cytokines in monocyte-derived macrophages. We further show that through macrophage-mediated IL-12 production, IFN-λ is able to indirectly affect NK cells and ultimately induce IFN-γ production.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".