Le Conseil Général d'Administration des Hospices Civils de Paris : Naissance d'une institution de santé publique
Bibliographic record
Abstract
En 1801 le premier consul Napoléon Bonaparte institue le Conseil Général des Hospices Civils de Paris, qui exerça ses fonctions jusqu’en 1848. Pour la première fois, le pouvoir central français se dote d’une institution unique pour la gestion de la totalité des hôpitaux civils parisiens. À travers les débats et déclarations entourant sa création, et ses premières réalisations règlementaires, nous tenterons de montrer dans cet article que la vocation de cette dernière répondait à une double exigence : satisfaire aux valeurs de la bonne administration et de la morale, et appuyer certaines évolutions médicales. C’était déjà la naissance d’une institution publique de santé qui deviendra cinquante ans plus tard l’Assistance Publique.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".