Transient Convection Flow in Super-Imposed Fluid and Porous Layers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper is aimed at investigating the effects of combined Marangoni and Rayleigh convections in a porous layer, underlain by a fluid layer. The two-dimensional transient numerical model represents a dual rectangular cavity system in which the porous cavity is located below the fluid cavity. Both cavities are saturated with hexane. The problem consists of studying the combined Marangoni and Rayleigh effects on the flow. The interaction between the Marangoni and the Rayleigh convection is investigated in detail. The porous cavity is heated at the bottom while the top liquid cavity has a free surface and is maintained at a room temperature. In addition, the role of the aspect ratio of the porous layer over the fluid layer in determining the convection pattern was studied. Results indicate that the Marangoni convection enhances the flow in the porous layer for high aspect ratio while the Rayleigh number suppresses the Marangoni convection at the free surface for a low aspect ratio.. At a critical aspect ratio above 3, the Marangoni convection becomes dominant over the Rayleigh convection in the liquid layer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".