An investigative analysis of the security weaknesses in the evolution of RFID enabled passport
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Since the introduction of radio frequency identification (RFID) enabled passports, the system has been plagued with various vulnerability issues that prove to compromise the e-passport security. To date, three generations of e-passports have been introduced by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the European Union (EU). The first two generations of e-passports are being issued worldwide. This paper presents the evolution of these passports over the years to develop taxonomy of the weaknesses and to serve as a reference point detailing security vulnerabilities linked to the RFID e-passport features in the three generations. The findings can also assist in profiling possible attack vectors on the existing RFID enabled passports and in developing comprehensive RFID e-passport risk mitigation strategies. To illustrate the importance of a comprehensive risk strategy when using RFID e-passport, the attack process modelling method is used to highlight the possible attacks and weaknesses which could result from not using one or more security features.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it