Evolution of the Yiwulushan metamorphic core complex from distributed to localized deformation and its tectonic implications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Yiwulushan metamorphic core complex (YSMCC) is situated in the northern part of the eastern North China Craton (NCC) that experienced significant lithospheric thinning in an extensional regime during the Late Mesozoic. We present structural and geochronological evidence to show that the YSMCC underwent NNE‐SSW extension in the Late Jurassic and WNW‐ESE extension in the Early Cretaceous. We show that the YSMCC started with a sub‐horizontal shear zone referred to as the Yiwulushan detachment shear zone (YDSZ) in the Late Jurassic between 157 and 147 Ma with a top‐to‐the‐SSW shear sense. The YDSZ was subjected to limited doming probably toward the end of its formation. The NNE‐striking, WNW‐dipping Waziyu normal shear zone (WZYSZ) was formed along the western margin of the core complex during the Early Cretaceous, and truncates the earlier YDSZ. The whole core complex underwent doming in a rolling‐hinge manner in the end of the latest Early Cretaceous. Thereafter, the YSMCC was overprinted by brittle normal faults along its western margin in the Late Cretaceous. Development of the initially flat‐lying YDSZ is associated with diffuse mid‐crustal flow whereas the formation of the rolling‐hinge type WZYSZ is characterized by localized deformation. The Late Jurassic more diffuse deformation has a rather constant top‐to‐the‐SSW shearing and produced a variety of shear‐related structures such as recumbent isoclinal folds and transposition foliation. The YSMCC evolution also demonstrates that the Late Mesozoic extension along the northern part of the eastern NCC started as early as the Late Jurassic rather than the previously proposed Early Cretaceous.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".