Bibliographic record
Abstract
Na maioria das discussões sobre as relações entre o Canadá e o Brasil, o foco está colocado nas relações diplomáticas e comerciais desde a metade do século vinte até o momento. Uma mínima atenção é dada ao período antes da Primeira Guerra Mundial com exceção da Companhia Brasileira de Energia e Luz. Muitas áreas do relacionamento entre o Canadá e o Brasil não receberam a devida atenção. A melhoria no acesso a fontes contemporâneas através da sua digitalização abriu oportunidades para se entenderem as conexões dinâmicas e complexas entre os países. Este estudo explora essas conexões através dos temas geográficos do ‘movimento’ e da ‘difusão’ em três áreas: 1) as relações comerciais e de transporte; 2) os viajantes e os itinerantes ou o movimento temporário de pessoas e 3) a migração. Todos os indicadores apontam para a relação comercial direta entre o Canadá e o Brasil que foi baseada em gêneros de primeira necessidade – peixe e madeira do Canadá e – café e açúcar do Brasil. Mas existe também um considerável comércio indireto. Poucos brasileiros visitaram ou imigraram para o Canadá. Entretanto, houve um considerável número de canadenses que visitaram ou trabalharam no Brasil. Os membros das famílias que nasceram no Brasil subsequentemente migraram para o Canadá. Pequenos grupos de imigrantes europeus foram para o Brasil e sua prole escolheu migrar para o Canadá. O estudo ressalta uma rede de conexões entre o Canadá e o Brasil que é muito mais ampla e multifacetada do que está indicado na produção bibliográfica.Résumé: Dans la plupart des discussions sur les relations entre le Canada et le Brésil, le relief est mis sur les relations diplomatiques et commerciales depuis la moitié du XXe siècle jusqu’à présent. On attribue très peu d’importance à la période de l’avant Première Guerre Mondiale, exception faite à la Compagnie Brésilienne d’Énergie et de Lumière. Dans les rapports entre le Canada et le Brésil, beaucoup de domaines n’ont pas reçu l’attention qu’ils méritaient. Grâce à la digitalisation de documents, l’accès aux sources contemporaines s’est beaucoup amélioré en ouvrant des opportunités pour la compréhension des connexions dynamiques et complexes entre ces deux pays. Cette étude analyse ces connexions à travers les thèmes géographiques du ‘mouvement’ et de la ‘diffusion’ en trois domaines : 1) les relations commerciales et de transports; 2) les voyageurs et les itinérants ou le mouvement temporaire de personnes et 3) la migration. Tous les indicateurs signalent la relation commerciale directe entre le Canada et le Brésil qui a été basée sur des genres de première nécessité – poisson et bois du Canada et – café et sucre du Brésil. Mais il existe aussi un considérable commerce indirect. Peu de Brésiliens ont visité le Canada et y ont immigré. Pourtant, il y a eu un nombre important de Canadiens qui ont visité le Brésil et y ont travaillé. Par la suite, les membres des familles qui sont nées au Brésil ont immigré au Canada. De petits groupes d’immigrants européens sont allés au Brésil et leur progéniture a choisi de migrer au Canada. L’étude met en relief un réseau de connexions entre le Canada et le Brésil qui est beaucoup plus vaste et varié de ce qui est indiqué dans la production bibliographique.Abstract: In most discussions of the relations and connections between Canada and Brazil, the focus is placed on the diplomatic and trade relations from the mid-twentieth century until the present. Minimal attention is paid to the period before World War One with the exception of the Brazilian Traction Light and Power Company. Many areas of the relationship between Canada and Brazil did not receive fitting attention. Improved access to contemporary sources through their digitalization has opened opportunities to understand the more dynamic and complex ties between the countries. This study explores these connections through the geographic themes of “movement” and “diffusion” in three areas: 1) trade relations and transportation; 2) travellers and sojourners or the temporary movement of people; and 3) migration. All indicators point to a direct trade relation between Canada and Brazil that was based on staple products – fish and lumber from Canada, and – coffee, and sugar from Brazil. But there was also sizeable indirect trade. Few Brazilians visited or immigrated to Canada. However, there was a considerable number of Canadians who visited and worked in Brazil. Their Brazilian-born family members subsequently migrated to Canada. Small groups of European immigrants to Brazil and their Brazilian offspring chose to migrate to Canada. The study highlights a network of early connections between Canada and Brazil that is far wider and more multifaceted than indicated in the research literature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".