Shaping Competition Legislation to the Needs of Small Open Economies: The Case of CARICOM
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The findings of the study on competition issues undertaken in CARICOM countries confirm that even in micro-economies that are open to imports and foreign direct investment, anti-competitive conducts can be found in the nontradable sector. Moreover, there is persistence in concentration of wealth in the hands of the descendents of the plantocracy, leading to dominance in product markets and abuse of dominance. It was also found that in the non-tradable sectors, mergers leading to excessive concentration or monopolies could be harmful. This paper therefore argues that CARICOM countries would benefit from introducing competition legislation that includes prohibition of anti-competitive agreements, abuse of a dominant market position and merger control regulation. However, findings of the research point to the need to shape the legislation to address the specific types of anti-competitive conducts found, differentiating for welfare-enhancing cooperation amongst firms and addressing socio-economic/socio-political issues.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.013 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".