Delay and throughput characteristics of TH, CDMA, TDMA, and hybrids for multipath faded data transmission channels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work introduces the new concepts of adaptive time hopping and variable frame Code Division (CDMA) Multiple Access, and evaluates by a unified analysis the probabilities of bit and packet errors in multipath fading environment of five Time Division (TDMA), Code Division, and Time Hopping (TH) related multiaccess networks, namely: TDMA, CDMA, CDMA/TDMA, Adaptive CDMA/TH, and variable frame CDMA/TDMA networks. The delay and useful throughputs of the five systems are also evaluated for data and voice traffics. All systems use the same channel power and bandwidth, and support the same traffic. Though implementation issues are not covered, CDMA systems are put at a disadvantage by ignoring such inherent advantages as voice silence utilizations and automatic frequency reuse (compared to cellular-type FDMA networks for example). Not surprisingly, CDMA systems 4 and 5 outperform TDMA systems at low and medium input traffics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".