HIV and pulmonary arterial hypertension: a systematic review
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: HIV-related pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare entity but is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The literature describing the outcomes of therapy for this disease is limited to case series and cohort studies. The objective of this study was to systematically review and synthesize the literature on HIV-related PAH. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PapersFirst, the Cochrane collaboration and the Cochrane Register of controlled trials were searched with pre-defined search terms. Randomized controlled trials, observational cohort studies, case-control studies and case reports were considered for inclusion in the qualitative analysis. RESULTS: A total of 180 case reports of PAH in HIV-infected patients were identified. Twenty-six were excluded and thus 154 case reports were included in the qualitative analysis. Thirteen cohort, one case series and two case-control studies were also identified and included in the review. The average baseline CD4 count at the time of diagnosis of PAH was 352 ± 304 cells/μL. The average time from diagnosis of HIV infection to diagnosis of PAH was 4.3 ± 4.0 years. Predominant chest X-ray findings included cardiomegaly (80%) and pulmonary arterial enlargement (75%). Highly active antiretroviral therapy, bosentan, and prostaglandin therapy have all been reported to be beneficial in improving haemodynamic and functional status in HIV-related PAH. CONCLUSION: HIV-related PAH is a rare entity with clinical, laboratory, imaging and pathological manifestations similar to those of idiopathic PAH. The evidence for various treatments is limited to cohort, case series and case-control studies. Randomized controlled trials are needed to properly assess the utility of these therapies in the treatment of HIV-related PAH.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.008 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it