A wireless multichannel optogenetic headstage with on-the-fly spike detection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we present a light-weight, wireless optogenetic headstage which provides optical neural stimulation and electrophysiological recording alongside on-the-fly neural signal processing. The proposed headstage is suitable to conduct long terms in-vivo experiments with small freely moving transgenic rodents, and features two implantable LED-coupled optical fibers and two electrophysiological recording channels while being powered by a small Lithium-ion battery. The headstage can transmit the raw neuronal signals or only spike waveforms after applying on-the-fly spike detection, which reduces power consumption by up to 14.5%. The headstage is entirely built using commercial off-the-shelf components, and the miniature design, using rigid-flex PCBs, results into a lightweight (7.4g) and compact device (25×20×15 mm). Low-power consumption is achieved by using on-the-fly spike detection alongside a real-time operating system which brings the headstage autonomy to 3h25 in full operation, including high-output power optical stimulation, micro-volts neuronal signal amplification and wireless transmission of the acquired waveforms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".