Energizing our future : rational choices for the 21st century
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Preface. Pursuing the Truth. Oil & Gas Consumption. PART I: A TRILOGY OF POPULAR MISCONCEPTIONS. 1. Global Warming. Conventional Wisdom. Global Warming Forcing Agents. Dealing with Global Warming. Can Anything Be Done?. The Kyoto Protocol. 2. The Hydrogen Economy (Aka, the Impossible Dream). Hydrogen Production Methods. Hydrogen from Hydrocarbons. Natural Gas Reserves and Hydrogen. Transporting and Distributing Hydrogen. Transportation and Distribution Alternatives. Hydrogen Storage. Hydrogen Storage Approaches. Catalyzed Hydrogen Adsorption and/or Desorption. Feasibility of Metal Hydrides as Storage Media. Hydrogen Adsorption/Desorption: Chemical Hydrides. Hydride Slurries for Hydrogen Storage and Transportation. Possible Non-Metal Hydrides/Hydrogen Carriers. Hydrocarbons via Partial Dehydrogenation. Carbon-Based Adsorption Systems. Novel Hydrogen Storage Methods. Hydrogen Carriers. Hydrogen Storage and DOE Criteria. Storage Implications for Light-Duty Vehicles. Hydrogen Storage Assessment. Hydrogen Safety. Summary of Hydrogen Issues. 3. Nuclear Energy and the Plutonium Economy. The influence of Nuclear Energy. Evolution of Reactor Designs. Generation IV Reactors. Fuel Recycling and Mixed Oxide Fuel. MOX Use in Light Water Reactors. MOX Production and Processing. Fast Breeder Reactors. Radioactive Waste Disposal. Uranium Supply Concerns. Uncertainty about Safe and Sustainable Reactor Technology. The Problem in Ontario, Canada. Fusion Power. The Future is Dimming on Nuclear Power. PART II: ENERGY OPTIONS FOR THE FUTURE. 4. Conventional Oil and Oil Reserves. Oil Reserves. Conventional Natural Gas. A Short(age) Summary. Future Supply, Demand and Pricing. Natural Gas and Synthetics. 5. Coal and Bituminous Reserves. Other Coal Processes. Underground Processing of Coal. 6. Biomass and Ethanol. Biomass Conversion Technologies. Conversion Products and By-products. Other Raw Materials for Biomass. Cost Implications of Biomass Use. Net Energy Balances. The Thermodynamics of Growing Corn. Corn Production in the United States. Federal Subsidies for Ethanol. Longer-term Ethanol Prospects. Final Ethanol Observations. 7. Methanol. Possible Fossil Sources of Syngas. Methanol as an Energy Carrier. Methanol Manufacturing and Applications. 8. and BioDiesel. Clean Diesel Fuel and Fuel Substitutes 152. Biodiesel. 9. Solar Energy and Photovoltaics. Solar Radiation. Solar Photovoltaic Systems. General Operation of PV Cells. Polycrystalline Thin-film Materials. Dye-sensitized Solar Cells. 10. Fuel Cells for Stationary and Mobile Use. Real-world Fuel Cell Efficiencies. User Expectations. On-board Fuel Storage Requirements. Appendix - Terms and Definitions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.030 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.015 | 0.020 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.009 | 0.012 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.022 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".