Les revendications du statut de réfugié fondées sur le sexe: constats et orientations nouvelles (Gender-Related Refugee Claims: Expanding the Scope of the Canadian Guidelines)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
En 1993, la Commission de l'immigration et du statut de refugie adopte les directives intitulees Les revendicatrices du statut de refugie craignant d'etre persecutees en raison de leur sexe. Les Directives representent une approche avant-gardiste et contribuent a garantir aux femmes refugiees un processus de determination du statut de refugie plus sensible aux dimensions sexospecifiques de leurs revendications d'asile. Cependant, l'auteure fait valoir que la notion de persecution fondee sur le sexe, telle qu'elle est definie a l'heure actuelle, permet tres difficilement aux membres de la Commission d'evaluer de maniere systematique tous les motifs et moyens de persecution sexospecifiques dont sont victimes certaines femmes et certains hommes. L'auteure se penche tout particulierement sur les revendications d'asile soulevant l'orientation ou l'identite sexuelle ainsi que celles soulevant une persecution specifiquement exercee contre les hommes, dans le but d'evaluer, a la lumiere de la jurisprudence recensee, la pertinence de l'application du cadre d'analyse sexospecifique de la Commission de l'immigration et du statut de refugie. L'auteure suggere des orientations nouvelles par rapport au changement de cap qui s'impose, soulignant notamment qu'il est necessaire de rendre plus visible les liens entre le sexe et d'autres motifs de persecution comme l'orientation sexuelle, et de mieux discerner les relations sexospecifiques qui briment les droits de certains hommes.In 1993, the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada adopted guidelines entitled Women Refugee Claimants Fearing Gender-Related Persecution. The guidelines represent a cutting edge approach and help to guarantee a process of determination of refugee status for women refugees that is more sensitive to gender-specific claims of asylum. However, the author demonstrates that the concept of gender-related persecution, as it is presently defined, makes it very difficult for members of the Commission to evaluate, in a systematic manner, all of the grounds and methods of gender-related persecution to which certain women and certain men are subjected. The author examines claims of asylum based on sexual identity or orientation as well as those based on persecution specifically inflicted upon men, in order to evaluate the relevance of the gender-specific analytical framework adopted by the Immigration and Refugee Board, in light of recently published case law. The author concludes that a major change in direction is imperative in order to make more visible the relationship between gender discrimination and other grounds of persecution such as sexual orientation, and to better understand the way the rights of certain men can be violated based on sex-specific factors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.018 | 0.029 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.013 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".