SUKUK, DIMENSI BARU PEMBIAYAAN PEMERINTAH UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Industri Keuangan Syariah Global mulai mengalami evolusi sejak tahun 1970s. Diawali dengan Commercial Banking, Project Finance dan Sindications(1980s), Equity, Ijarah(1990s) dan Sukuk(2000s). Nilai emisi sukuk internasional terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Total penerbitan sukuk internasional dalam berbagai mata uang sampai dengan Mei 2013 mencapai US$558.47 milyar, dengan total outstanding sebesar US$276.8 milyar. Indonesia, Malaysia, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Iran, Gambia telah menerbitkan sukuk secara regular, baik domestik maupun internasional. Negara-negara non muslim yang telah menerbitkan sukuk adalah Jerman, USA, Jepang, China, United Kingdom, Canada, Russia, Singapura, Hongkong dan Gambia. Sukuk tidak hanya diterbitkan oleh Negara, korporasi atau perusahaan juga menerbitkan sukuk. Secara domestic, perusahaan Indonesia mulai menerbitkan sukuk sejak tahun 2002. Sampai dengan tahun 2013 ada 6 perusahaan yang menerbitkan sukuk. Nilai emisi sukuk korporasi domestic masih mengalami fluktuasi dari tahun ke tahun. Total outstanding sukuk korporasi sampai bulan Mei 2013 sebesar Rp.3,42 triliun dan yang telah jatuh tempo sebesar Rp.3,19 triliun.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it