10.1016/s0967-0653(97)82087-x
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper summarizes records from longline fishing programs conducted in Hawai'i between 1959 and 1980. Data from 11 species of sharks (173 individual sharks) are reported and compared with worldwide records. Although much of the data is nearly 30 yr old, the information was never fully utilized and represents the following important findings. The relationship between clasper length and total length (TL) for bluntnose sixgill shark, Hexanchus griseus (Bonnaterre), indicates that males mature at about 309 cm TL. High fecundity (114 pups) is reported for the prickly shark, Echinorhinus cookei Pietschmann. The smallest mature male E. cookei (183 cm TL) and the smallest pregnant (205 cm TL) bignose shark, Carcharhinus altimus (Springer), are recorded. New maximum depth of capture records for the blacktip shark, Carcharhinus Umbatus (Valenciennes), at 64 m, and for the smooth hammerhead shark, Sphyrna zygaena (L.), at 68 m, are also documented. Distributions of deep-sea sharks in Hawai'i appear to be associated with isothermic submergence, and the sharks remain below the thermocline (100-400 m) and in water temperatures of 9-12°C. Carcharhiniform sharks in Hawai'i range to greater depths than reported elsewhere; this appears to be correlated with the Tropics having warmer water temperatures (20-26°C), which extend down to 100-400 m in depth.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.989 | 0.992 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".