3-Dimensional Large-Scale Channel Model for Urban Environments in mmWave Frequency
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
From the results of the ray-tracing simulation of 28 GHz frequency band over downtown of Ottawa and New York University campus, we propose 3D large-scale channel models for urban city which are applicable to a mmWave version of 3D spatial channel model. Due to the change of geographical topology dimension from 2D to 3D, the height information of the transmitter should be reflected to the parameters of the channel model such as line-of-sight probability, Ricean K factor, path loss and shadow fading accordingly. In the simulation results, the line-of-sight probability depends on the height of the transmitter compared to the 2D model. The dual-slope path loss model is still appropriate in 3D channel model. We also propose the linear standard deviation function of the shadow fading, which shows a large standard deviation and an increasing trend with the distance.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it