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Record W1509805941 · doi:10.5772/38940

Sex Hormones and Vascular Function

2012· book-chapter· en· W1509805941 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueInTech eBooks · 2012
Typebook-chapter
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicMenopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersKillam Trusts
KeywordsHormoneFunction (biology)MedicineInternal medicineBiologyEvolutionary biology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

) is an intracellular transmembrane ER that initiates many rapid non-genomic signaling events, including intracellular calcium mobilization and synthesis of phosphatidyl-inositol 3,4,5-triphosphate in the nucleus of multiple cell types. GPER has been indentified in human internal mammary arteries, saphenous veins, and contributes to vasorelaxation in arteries, although this mechanism remains to be fully understood Genomic effects occur when estrogen binds to ERs in target tissue cell nuclei, resulting in changes in gene expression. Multiple genes in both the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes are regulated by ER and ER-. (O'Lone et al, 2007) In aortic smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells of wild-type ovariectomized mice, E2 treatment resulted in both up-and down-regulation of multiple genes involved in mitochondrial fuction. ER upregulated four clusters of genes, while ER downregulated a different set of mitochondrial genes. E2 also stimulates oxidative phosphorylation and inhibits production of superoxide and other reactive oxygen species in mitochondria. (O'Lone et al, 2007) It is hypothesized that this mechanism decreases the rate of accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations over a lifespan, and therefore protects against age-related disease. This notion is relevant to the development of CVD and timing of HRT initiation. (O'Lone et al, 2007) Estrogen can also trigger non-genomic events by binding to targets other than nuclear receptors, eg., cell membrane ERs. (Kelly and Levin, 2001) Non-genomic effects, such as direct activation of intracellular signaling pathways, can be rapid and do not require changes in gene expression, although the long-term consequences include altered transcription of targeted genes.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.976
Threshold uncertainty score0.981

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.043
GPT teacher head0.287
Teacher spread0.245 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it