Bibliographic record
Abstract
C J H P – Vol. 53, No. 5 – December 2000 J C P H – Vol. 53, n 5 – decembre 2000 310 Since earliest times, the lion — the “king of beasts” – has been one of the best known of wild animals. During the late Pleistocene Epoch (1.6 million to 10 000 years ago), lions ranged over all of North America and Africa, most of the Balkans, and across the Middle East into India. They disappeared from North America about 10 000 years ago, from the Balkans about 2000 years ago, and from Palestine during the Crusades. By the late 20th century their numbers had dwindled to a few tens of thousands, mainly in parts of Africa south of the Sahara. Lions are unique among cats in that they live in groups called prides. A pride consists of several generations of lionesses, all of whom are related, their cubs, and one or two adult male lions, who defend the pride’s territory and mate with the females. A pride may have as few as 4 or as many as 37 members, but about 15 is typical. It is the lionesses of the pride that do most of the hunting, sometimes in groups. Members of the pride encircle the prey, approaching from opposite directions and then closing in for the kill. Many hospital pharmacy departments are similar in size to a pride and, if they are to function well, require the teamwork shown by a pride. The team within a department is integrated, dynamic, and complex. Furthermore, each hospital pharmacy department in the more than 750 institutions across Canada interacts with its counterparts at other institutions, which leads to a dynamic profession. The survival and growth of pharmacy as a profession depend on each member of each department’s team and on our ability to advance our value within health care. This goal can be met only through research. Our profession needs to undertake and complete research to stay current, to remain efficient, and to continue to demonstrate our usefulness within health care. A profession that does not evaluate its future through active research declines to a technical status. It should therefore be of great concern to us all that the number of poster presentations at the Professional Practice Conference has declined steadily in recent years (see table). This may be the first signal that we are not doing enough to stay current and remain efficient. Poster Presentations at PPC Year No. of Posters* 1996 71 1997 5
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.017 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.015 | 0.031 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.016 | 0.011 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.022 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.035 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".