Part F: Directed Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Myeloid Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The in vitro aggregation of human embryonic stem (ES) cells into three dimensional clusters, termed embryoid bodies (EB), allows for the spontaneous differentiation of cells representing endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm lineages. During EB differentiation, the stochastic generation of hematopoietic cells is enhanced by a combination of hematopoietic cytokines and the mesoderm inducer bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4). Under this treatment, up to 90% of CD45+ cells with colony forming unit (CFU) activity can be generated. These cells solely derive from a rare subpopulation of hemogenic precursors that lack CD45, but express PECAM-1, Flk-1 and VE-Cadherin (CD45negPFV), and can repopulate the bone marrow of immune deficient mice after intra bone marrow injection, albeit at very low levels. This chapter describes protocols that have been successfully applied in our laboratory for the in vitro and in vivo generation and characterization of hematopoietic cells from EBs and purified CD45negPFV hemogenic precursors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".