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Record W1512342440

REVIEW OF HEAVY WATER PRODUCTION PROCESSES.

2018· report· en· W1512342440 on OpenAlex
H.K. Rae

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueOSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) · 2018
Typereport
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicChemical Synthesis and Characterization
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsProduction (economics)Environmental scienceEconomics
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The rapid growth of Canadian heavy-water-power-reaator capacity has renewed interest in D{sub 2}O production. The only economic source for large quantities of D{sub 2}O today is natural water. Attractive processes include hydrogen distillation (where pure hydrogen streams are available for stripping) and several chemical exchange reactions. Chemical exchange of deuterium and hydrogen between two compounds leads to the preferential accumulation of the deuterium in one. Choosing a gas and a liquid, efficient counter-current multistage operation is possible giving large enrichment factors in a single tower. To obtain reflux the deuterium transfer must be reversed outside the tower using chemical conversion or another exchange tower operating at a higher temperature. Chemical exchange between water and hydrogen sulphide has been used at the USAEC Savannah River plant for 16 years and is the process chosen for the three large heavy water plants being built in Canada by Deuterium of Canada Limited (Glace Bay, N.S.), Canadian General Electric Company Limited (Port Hawksbury, N.S.), and Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (Kincardine, Ont.). Ammonia-hydrogen exchange and amine-hydrogen exchange are potential competitive processes. (auth)

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.685
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.015
GPT teacher head0.234
Teacher spread0.219 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it