Lymphocyte Development and Function in the Absence of Retinoic Acid-Related Orphan Receptor α
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The orphan nuclear receptor, retinoid acid-related orphan receptor (ROR)alpha, is essential for the development of cerebellar Purkinje cells and bone tissue. RORalpha may also play a critical role in lymphocyte development and function because staggerer mice, a natural mutant strain with a disrupted expression of RORalpha, have reduced thymic and splenic cellularity. In this report, we analyzed the role of RORalpha in lymphocyte development by examining lymphoid compartments in RORalpha(-/-) mice and Rag-2(-/-) mice reconstituted with RORalpha(-/-) bone marrow. We found that T and B cell development was severely defective in RORalpha(-/-) mice, but not in Rag-2(-/-)/RORalpha(-/-) chimeric mice. We also analyzed cellular and humoral immune responses in Rag-2(-/-)/RORalpha(-/-) chimeric mice. Our results show that serum IgG levels were elevated in Rag-2(-/-)/RORalpha(-/-) chimeric mice after immunization with a T-dependent Ag compared with control chimeras. IFN-gamma production by RORalpha(-/-) CD8(+) T cells after TCR stimulation was also increased. Furthermore, RORalpha(-/-) mast cells and macrophages produced an increased amount of TNF-alpha and IL-6 upon activation. These results indicate that RORalpha indirectly regulates lymphocyte development by providing an appropriate microenvironment and controls immune responses by negatively regulating cytokine production in innate immune cells and lymphocytes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".