“Gringo Operations”: Nationalism and Capital in Canadian Educational Publishing, 1970-81
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 1970, two prominent publishing firms, Ryerson Press and W.J. Gage, were sold to American interests. Since both firms had significant textbook sales and the educational market was crucial to the success of Canadian publishers, these events sparked a crisis in Canadian publishing. The decline in the economic success of Canadian educational publishing had been on the horizon for several years. The cancellation of Ontario’s Textbook Stimulation Grants and pedagogical changes leading to reduced reliance on textbooks were two key factors. Another was the burgeoning branch plant economy. The newly formed Independent Publishers’ Association persistently lobbied for government financial assistance and for limitations on foreign ownership. The piecemeal, sporadic, and uncertain nature of government response to the crisis was not helpful. By the end of the decade, a lot had happened, but little had changed. This study is situated at the intersection of the economics of educational publishing, the political milieux in which it is located, and nationalistic expectations for Canadian ownership, authorship, and content when it comes to textbooks. Implicit are the tensions between publishing in Canada as a cultural activity versus publishing as an industry.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".