NAD<sup>+</sup>‐aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase candidates for 4‐aminobutyrate (GABA) and β‐alanine production during terminal oxidation of polyamines in apple fruit
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The last step of polyamine catabolism involves the oxidation of 3-aminopropanal or 4-aminobutanal via aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase. In this study, two apple (Malus x domestica) AMADH genes were selected (MdAMADH1 and MdAMADH2) as candidates for encoding 4-aminobutanal dehydrogenase activity. Maximal activity and catalytic efficiency were obtained with NAD(+) and 3-aminopropanal, followed by 4-aminobutanal, at pH 9.8. NAD(+) reduction was accompanied by the production of GABA and β-alanine, respectively, when 4-aminobutanal and 3-aminopropanal were utilized as substrates. MdAMADH2 was peroxisomal and MdAMADH1 cytosolic. These findings shed light on the potential role of apple AMADHs in 4-aminobutyrate and β-alanine production.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".