A Hybrid Intelligent Computational Scheme for Determination of Refractive Index of Crude Oil Using SARA Fraction Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Asphaltene precipitation and consequent deposition may result in several operational problems ranging from the wellbore to transmission lines. Despite several studies, stability conditions of the asphaltene in crude oil are still a challenging issue and a potential area of investigation. Refractive Index (RI) is a parameter indicative of the region at which asphaltene becomes stable. In this study, a Committee Machine Intelligent System (CMIS) is incorporated to predict the RI of different crude oils through the existing SARA fractions experimental data. The CMIS itself utilizes different artificial neural networks: Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Radial Basis Function (RBF), and Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LSSVM). By comparing the results of each artificial neural network with the final output, it was demonstrated that the CMIS increases the generalization capability of the utilized artificial network. The results were compared with two well‐known classical correlations. It was proven that the proposed intelligent system outperforms the classical correlations. At the end, outlier detection was performed to identify data which deviate from the bulk of the data points and obtain the applicability domain of the CMIS model.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".