Propagation of sound behind vehicles equipped with different backup alarms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A study that focuses on sound propagation behind vehicles by examining the distribution of sound pressure levels for three types of backup alarms is presented. The three types of backup alarms include the standard tonal 'beep' signal, a multi-tone signal and the broadband noise technology. Sound pressure levels were measured at various fixed locations behind heavy vehicles by using a test method inspired from the ISO 9533 standard. The multi-tone alarm consists of three major tones between 1000 and 1300 Hz. in contrast to the standard tonal alarm with its acoustic energy concentrated around 1250 Hz. For the broadband alarm, energy is distributed over a larger frequency span, most of the energy being found in the 700-4000 Hz range. The alarm levels were set at the values found during the first set of measurements and the vehicle engine was stopped. A post-processing scheme was developed to extract the alarms' sound pressure levels along the various lines.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".