Use of mountain pine beetle killed wood to produce cement-bonded particleboard.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigated the properties of cement-bonded particleboards made with mountain pine beetle (MPB) (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins)-infected wood.Four different types of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var.latifolia Engelm.)particles, from two different log sizes and two different years since tree death (3 and 5 yr), were considered in this study.Different formulations consisting of two cement types, two additives, various wood/cement/water ratios, and a range of additive conditions were studied.Mechanical and physical tests were conducted to examine the properties of the specimens.The results showed that wood particles from small logs (diameter < 28 cm) of 3 yr since tree death with either type of cement and calcium chloride or magnesium chloride as the additive are the best formulations.Other formulations also showed comparable mechanical and physical properties to published results of cement-bonded products.Based on the testing results, MPB woods may be used for the manufacture of the value-added wood-cement products.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".