Grain refinement in beryllium by equal channel angular extrusion.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ultrafine-grained Be is the material of choice for fabrication of the NIF target capsules. One method of producing ultrafine grains in metals is by imposing very large strains. Equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) has been used to achieve these high strains. Previous work has shown that powder-source Be can be successfully processed by ECAE. Pure Be and Be-0.9 at% Cu alleys have been arc melted and cast into billets 5 mm in diameter by 30 mm in length. These billets were enclosed in cans fabricated from commercial purity Ni, with an electron-beam welded end plug. These cans were extruded at 425C in ECAE tooling with a 120' angle between the inlet and outlet channels. The billets were extruded up to 4 times. The microstructures of the powdersource Be and the arc-melted Be and Be-0.9 at% Cu materials will be presented, and the effects of the ECAE processing on the grain size will be discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".