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Record W1518189237 · doi:10.5772/10277

Detect Structure Features of Asymmetric and Symmetric CH2 and CH3 Functional Groups and Their Ratio of Biopolymers within Intact Tissue in Complex Plant System Using Synchrotron FTIRM and DRIFT Molecular Spectroscopy

2010· book-chapter· en· W1518189237 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.

Bibliographic record

VenueBiopolymers · 2010
Typebook-chapter
Languageen
FieldBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
TopicMagnetic and Electromagnetic Effects
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Saskatchewan
FundersBrookhaven National LaboratoryNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
KeywordsSynchrotronSpectroscopyChemistryMaterials scienceCrystallographyPhysicsOpticsQuantum mechanics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Synchrotron light is photon beam, which is million times brighter than sunlight. A synchrotron facility is a giant particle accelerator that turns electrons into light (Wikipedia, 2010). How a Synchrotron Works? Electric Gun (EG: Synchrotron Component 1) in a synchrotron blasts out electrons. The electrons are accelerated to nearly speed of light by Linear Accelerator (LA: Synchrotron Component 2). A small synchrotron orbiting Booster Ring (BR: Synchrotron Component 3) increase their energy. Finally electron bunches enter Storage Ring (SR: Synchrotron Component 4). The bunches orbit ring controlled by serial magnets. Special magnet called "Undulator" causes electrons to rapidly change course and vast emitting energy in form of photons. Then photons enter Beamline (BL: Synchrotron Component 5) and directed to device called "monochromator" which selects specific wavelength required for each experiment. Finally, light focus onto sample at Experimental End Station (ES: Synchrotron Component 6), where scientists collect data to determine molecular structure The extremely bright synchrotron light makes it possible to detect biomaterial structure (make-up or conformation) at both molecular and cellular levels (Marinkovic & Chance, 2006;

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.043
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0010.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.006
GPT teacher head0.205
Teacher spread0.199 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it