Effets incitatifs associes a l'aide sociale: approche de discontinuite de la regression
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Avant 1989, les beneficiaires sans enfants de l'aide sociale au Quebec qui etaient ages de moins de 30 ans touchaient des prestations beaucoup moins elevees que les beneficiaires ages de plus de 30 ans. Nous utilisons cette discontinuite precise dans la politique pour estimer les effets de l'aide sociale sur divers resultats sur le marche du travail, a partir d'une approche de discontinuite de la regression. Nous disposons de preuves convaincantes que des prestations d'aide sociale plus genereuses ont pour effet de reduire l'emploi. Les estimations reagissent peu au degre de souplesse de la specification et se comportent tres bien lorsque nous controlons l'heterogeneite non observee a partir d'une specification de difference premiere. Enfin, nous montrons que les estimateurs de la difference des differences couramment utilises peuvent produire des resultats mediocres lorsqu'ils sont utilises avec des groupes temoins mal choisis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.072 | 0.143 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.009 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".