Challenges of Single Ordained Women Ministers in the Presbyterian Church of Ghana
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the Presbyterian Church of Ghana every woman is expected to marry because within the Ghanaian culture marriage is believed to confer on a woman a high degree of respectability. Again, women who decide to remain single for one reason or the other are looked upon with suspicion that they sleep around with men. In some instances some men take sexual advantage of the single women. Even if a woman is ordained and manages her affairs successfully without a man the negative perceptions on single women affect them and their work as ministers. Indeed such negative perception on single women has so much affected the mindset of the congregational members of the Presbyterian church of Ghana that some congregations feel so reluctant to accept ordained women ministers as their congregational leaders. Even the single ordained women ministers who lead congregations feel uncomfortable working so closely with their male counterparts for fear that they will be accused of sleeping around with men. This paper examines the challenges that ordained women ministers face in the Presbyterian church of Ghana. It examines how the existing structure which in my opinion is very patriarchal helps in maintaining such stereotype of ordained single women in the church. Again, the cultural, religious and moral bases for such stereotyping of single women are examined.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.019 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".