Roles of CD4 and CD8 T Lymphocytes in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the prototypic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by multifocal areas of myelin sheath destruction, axonal damage, and immune cell infiltration. The etiology of this neurological disease remains elusive. Nonetheless, the abundance of immune cells such as CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes and their products in CNS lesions of patients with MS supports the concept that MS is an autoimmune disorder. An important body of evidence gathered from the most common MS animal models, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), points to the essential role of CD4 T lymphocytes in the disease pathogenesis. The migration of autoreactive CNS-specific T lymphocytes from the periphery to the CNS is a critical step in the formation of MS and EAE lesions. Cell adhesion molecules have been identified as key players in the transmigration of T lymphocytes from the periphery to the CNS. Moreover, it is now well established that both Th1 (producing interferon-γ) and Th17 (producing interleukin 17) CD4 T lymphocyte subsets are involved in the initiation of MS and EAE. Finally, multiple lines of evidence suggest that CD8 T lymphocytes also contribute to the development of MS lesions. In the last decades, major advances have been made in the understanding of the complex immune mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of MS. However, additional investigations will be necessary to elucidate the causes of this complex inflammatory neurological disorder.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".