<i>Romanitas</i> and the Roman Family: The Evidence of Apuleius’s <i>Apology</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In AD 158/9 al Sabratha in Roman Tripolitania, Apuleius of Madauros was accused of having used magic to entice into marriage the wealthy Oean widow Aemilia Pudentilla. Apuleius was tried before the proconsul of Africa and spoke in his own defence. The speech he delivered, the Apology, is an important document for the social history of Roman North Africa in the second century. This paper analyses the information the Apology provides on family history, investigating it within the context of Roman family studies in general and the mutual influence of Roman and Tripolitanian cultural patterns in particular. The story of family conflict the Apology unfolds is best understood by bringing to the fore the interplay between Roman cultural forms (Romanitas) and the survival of local cultural traditions, as locally prominent families reacted to the growing influence upon them of metropolitan conventions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".