<i>Romanitas</i> and the Roman Family: The Evidence of Apuleius’s <i>Apology</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In AD 158/9 al Sabratha in Roman Tripolitania, Apuleius of Madauros was accused of having used magic to entice into marriage the wealthy Oean widow Aemilia Pudentilla. Apuleius was tried before the proconsul of Africa and spoke in his own defence. The speech he delivered, the Apology, is an important document for the social history of Roman North Africa in the second century. This paper analyses the information the Apology provides on family history, investigating it within the context of Roman family studies in general and the mutual influence of Roman and Tripolitanian cultural patterns in particular. The story of family conflict the Apology unfolds is best understood by bringing to the fore the interplay between Roman cultural forms (Romanitas) and the survival of local cultural traditions, as locally prominent families reacted to the growing influence upon them of metropolitan conventions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.023 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".