Civil Society, Mobilization, and Communal Violence: Quebec and Ireland, 1890–1920
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The literatures on social movements and civil society focus on different dimensions of the social and political consequences of the associational sector. Useful analytical concepts can be developed by combining insights from these two approaches. Both point out the importance of state/civil society integration, which holds the potential of a better theoretical and empirical understanding of resultant collective action. In order to illustrate this process, the divergent evolution of Quebec and Ireland during the decades leading up to the First World War is discussed. War and conscription heightened nationalist tension in both settings, but while Ireland seceded and spiraled into civil war, Quebec returned to normalcy shortly after the end of the conflict. One of the reasons for this difference resides in the divergent patterns of civil society formation, mobilization, and organization Quebec and Ireland experienced during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This article shows that mobilization in Ireland turned increasingly away from routine politics, relying instead on a fast-growing, but essentially stateless network of organizations, while Quebec's mobilization was rapidly absorbed by a generally trusted, albeit co-optive political system.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it