Measurement of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>W</mml:mi><mml:mi>W</mml:mi></mml:math>Production Cross Section in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="true">¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math>Collisions at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>1.96</mml:mn><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mi>TeV</mml:mi></mml:math>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present a measurement of the $W$ boson pair-production cross section in $p\overline{p}$ collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=1.96\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$. The data, collected with the Run II D0 detector at Fermilab, correspond to an integrated luminosity of $224--252\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{pb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ depending on the final state ($ee$, $e\ensuremath{\mu}$, or $\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\mu}$). We observe 25 candidates with a background expectation of $8.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5(\mathrm{lum})$ events. The probability for an upward fluctuation of the background to produce the observed signal is $2.3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$, equivalent to 5.2 standard deviations. The measurement yields a cross section of ${13.8}_{\ensuremath{-}3.8}^{+4.3}(\mathrm{stat}{)}_{\ensuremath{-}0.9}^{+1.2}(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.9(\mathrm{lum})\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{pb}$, in agreement with predictions from the standard model.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.058 | 0.020 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".