Domestic violence, ethnic diversity, and political and economic change in an upland community of Vietnam
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Domestic violence occurs among a variety of ethnic groups in Vietnam, within diverse social, cultural, and environmental contexts. This article explores the role that culture is perceived to play in influencing manifestations of domestic violence among different ethnic groups living in the same community in Vietnam, in relation to the social structural influences on this form of gender violence. It examines the perceptions of wife abuse among members of three ethnic groups—the Kinh, Muong, and Dao—living in an upland community in a province in northern Vietnam. In this article, first, domestic violence is situated among the ethnic groups, who live within a changing social, political, and economic environment, through an exploration of the reasons members of the ethnic groups offered for husbands' abuse of their wives. Second, problems abused women continue to face, despite the implementation of a new domestic violence law, and new orientations among professionals and community leaders toward provision of services for abused women are assessed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".