Analysis of the Canadian Geoscience Council 2001 Census of Geoscientists
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Canadian Geoscience Council (CGC) carried out a census of Canadian geoscientists in 2001. More than 3000 responses were received to a series of questions concerning age, gender, salary, education, level of responsibility, employment sub-sector, and membership in provincial and national societies. Based on the survey, it is apparent that geoscience in Canada is a male-dominated discipline. However, the demographic profiles of the two genders show that this will change slowly as retirements take place. The median salary range for male geoscientists is $75-100K and for females, $50-75K. A gender-based differential in compensation is not evident for males and females less than 40 years old, but is present for older respondents even after standardizing for educational level. Canadian geoscientists who responded have high levels of education. Within federal and provincial governments and geotechnical environmental companies, most respondents have at least a master's degree. Elsewhere in the private sector, the majority of the mineral and energy sector respondents have a bachelors degree. Surprisingly, higher degrees are not necessarily indicative of higher annual remuneration or higher levels of responsibility. In general, age and experience are more important than degree level in determining annual median remuneration and level of responsibility. The census shows that, on the whole, Canadian geoscience will not experience above-average rates of retirement in the next 10 years. However, a high median age in the minerals sector may result in a significant loss of experienced personnel due to retirements over the next decade. Almost two-thirds of respondents belong to two or more CGC member societies. Approximately 10% of the respondents belong to four or more societies, which suggests both the breadth of the discipline and its fragmentation. Slightly more than half of the respondents are provincially registered geoscientists. Resume Le Conseil geoscientifique du Canada (CGC) a realise un recensement de la population des geoscientifiques au Canada en 2001. Les questions posees portaient sur l'âge des repondants, le sexe, le salaire, le niveau de formation, le niveau des responsabilites au travail, le sous-secteur d'emploi ainsi que leur appartenance professionnelle a des associations provinciales ou canadiennes; plus de 3 000 reponses ont ete traitees. L'enquete demontre qu'au Canada, les geosciences sont principalement des disciplines d'hommes. Cependant, les profils demographiques des deux sexes montrent que cette situation changera lentement au gre des departs a la retraite. La fourchette mediane des salaires des hommes est de 75 a 100 k$, alors que celle des femmes est de 50 a 75 k$. L'analyse comparative entre les sexes montre qu'il n'y a pas de difference detectable dans le profil d'indemnisation pour la tranche d'âge de 40 ans et moins, mais qu'il y a une difference pour la tranche d'âge de plus de 40 ans, meme lorsqu'on tient compte du niveau de formation. Les geoscientifiques qui ont repondu avaient des niveaux de formation eleves. Dans les milieux gouvernementaux federaux et provinciaux ainsi que dans les societes de services geotechniques, la majorite des repondants detenaient une maitrise. Dans les autres domaines du secteur prive, la majorite des repondants des sous-secteurs de l'energie et des mineraux detenaient un baccalaureat. Etonnamment, les plus hauts niveaux de diplomation ne correspondent pas necessairement a des salaires annuels plus eleves, non plus qu'a des niveaux de responsabilite plus importants. En general, l'âge et l'experience sont plus importants que le niveau de diplomation comme facteurs determinant le niveau salarial median ainsi que le niveau des responsabilites. Ce recensement montre qu'en gros, au cours des 10 prochaines annees, les taux de depart a la retraite dans le secteur canadien des geosciences n'excedera pas celui de la moyenne canadienne. Cependant, l'âge median eleve des geoscientifiques du secteur des mineraux pourrait signifier des pertes importantes de personnel d'experience au cours de la prochaine decennie. Pres des deux tiers des repondants sont membres de deux societes professionnelles ou plus du CGC. A peu pres 10 % des repondants sont membres de 4 societes professionnelles ou plus, ce qui est un indice de l'etalement des specialites et de la fragmentation du domaine professionnel. Un peu plus de la moitie des repondants sont des geoscientifiques de societes professionnelles provinciales.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".