Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cherry virus A (CVA), a recently described member of the genus Capillovirus, was first reported in Prunus cerasus (Jelkmann, 1995). It is widespread in both Germany and Canada (Eastwell & Bernardy, 1998; James & Jelkmann, 1998). In the autumn, leaf and bark material were collected from 16 cherry trees of different UK origin growing at HRI-East Malling. RNA was extracted from these samples using a modified protocol based on the Qiagen RNeasy kit (Quiagen Ltd., Crawley, RH10 2AX, UK) (MacKenzie et al., 1997). RT–PCR detection of CVA was carried out according to James & Jelkmann (1998), except that the addition of Extender PCR additive (Stratagene Europa, 1101 CB Amsterdam Zuidoorst, the Netherlands) was not necessary for successful amplification using primer CVA1 (James & Jelkmann, 1998) in combination with a newly designed primer CVA3. CVA was found in leaf and bark material taken from 15 of the 16 sweet cherry trees. This is the first record of (i) the presence of CVA in the UK and (ii) the ability to detect CVA in dormant material. No data are available on the impact of CVA on fruit yield from sweet cherry orchards, yet it appears to be ubiquitous in the UK. CVA is graft-transmissible, and the only tree that tested negative for CVA was one grown from seed. CVA may not cause disease in these trees, but it is possibly deleterious as a synergist necessary for disease development. This work provides a starting point for research on the occurrence of the virus in UK planting material and its possible involvement in the aetiology of cherry diseases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".