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Record W1531604128 · doi:10.1080/03071840701472331

Radicalization on the Internet?

2007· article· en· W1531604128 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueThe RUSI Journal · 2007
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicHate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsRadicalizationThe InternetComputer sciencePolitical scienceWorld Wide WebTerrorismLaw

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1 Phillip Hammond, 'The Media War on Terrorism', Journal for Crime, Conflict and the Media (Vol. 1, No. 1, 2003), pp. 23–36. 2 Scott Atran, 'The "Virtual Hand" of Jihad', Global Terrorism Analysis (Vol. 3, No. 10, 2005), pp. 8–11. 3 United Nations Development Project 'Section 13: Technology: diffusion and creation: Internet users (per 1,000 people)', in Human Development Report 2005 (2005): <http://hdr.undp.org/statistics/data/>; Office for National Statistics, National Statistics Omnibus Survey: Internet Access – Households and Individuals (2005) :<http://www.statistics.gov.uk/StatBase/Contact.asp?vlnk=2251&More=Y&ComboState=&Btn.x=27&Btn.y=16>. 4 Stephen Ulph, 'A Guide to Jihad on the Web', Global Terrorism Analysis: Terrorism Focus (Vol. 2, No. 7, 2005), pp.5–7; R Paz, 'Reading Their Lips: The Credibility of Jihadi Web Sites in Arabic as a Source for Information', Project for the Research of Islamist Movements (PRISM) (Herzliya, Israel: (2004): <http://www.e‐prism.org/images/Read_Their_Lips.doc>. 5 Office for National Statistics, Census 2001: The UK population: by religion, April 2001, Office for National Statistics (2005): <http://www.statistics.gov.uk/CCI/nugget.asp?ID=293&Pos=1&ColRank=1&Rank=176>. 6 Mohamed Zayani, 'Arabic Public Opinion in the Age of Satellite Television: the Case of al‐Jazeera', in E Poole and J E Richardson (eds.) Muslims and the News Media (London: I B Tauris, 2006), pp. 176–88. 7 Lawrence Pintak, 'Framing the Other: Worldview, Rhetoric and Media Dissonance Since 9/11', in E Poole and J E Richardson (eds.), op cit, pp. 188–99; Steven Kull, 'The Press and Public Misperceptions About the Iraq War', Nieman Reports: Special Online Issue: Coverage of War and Terror (2001‐2004) (Summer 2004), pp. 64–66; Hammond, op cit, pp. 32‐34. 8 International Crisis Group, 'In their own words: Reading the Iraqi insurgency.' Middle East Report (No. 50, February 2006), <http://www.crisisgroup.org/home/index.cfm?l=1&id=3953>. 9 Gabriel Weimann, Terror on the Internet: The New Arena, the New Challenges (Washington: United States Institute of Peace, 2006), pp. 15–33; S Atran, op cit, pp. 10–11, and Stephen Ulph, op cit, pp.5–7 10 Quoted in Setphen Ulph, 'Mujahideen to Pledge Allegiance on the Web', Global Terrorism Analysis: Terrorism Focus (Vol. 2, No. 22, 2005), pp. 1–2. 11 Ibid. 12 Anton La Guardia, 'Al‐Qa'eda places recruiting ads', The Daily Telegraph, 8 October 2005. 13 MEMRI, 'Leader of Al‐Qaeda in Iraq Al‐Zarqawi declares "total war" on Shi'ites, states that the Sunni women of Tel'afar had "their wombs filled with the sperm of the Crusaders"', Middle East Media Research Institute: Special Dispatch Series 987 (USA: 2005). 14 Congreso de los Deputados, Comisiones de Investigación. Sobre el 11 de marzo de 2004, Session 13, 19 July 2004 and Session 30, 15 November 2004 (Madrid: 2004): <http://www.losgenoveses.net/11M/CI_007.pdf and /CI_017.pdf>. 15 F Elliott, S Goodchild and J Phillips, 'Extraordinary admission to interrogators by London bomb suspect', The Independent, 31 July 2005. 16 Intelligence and Security Committee, Report into the London Terrorist Attacks on 7 July 2005 (London: The Stationery Office, May 2006), Cm 6785; Home Office, Report of the Official Account of the Bombings in London on 7th July 2005 (London: The Stationery Office, May 2006), Hc 1087. 17 Nicolaas Van Rijn, 'Plot began in chat room: CSIS monitored discussions on bombing targets', Toronto Star, 5 June 2006. 18 Sean O'Neill and Yaakov Lappin, 'Britain's online imam declares war as he calls young to jihad', The Times, 17 January 2005. 19 Scott Shane, 'The Web as al‐Qaida's Safety Net', The Baltimore Sun, 28 March 2003. 20 Daniel Foggo, 'For sale in Britain: bin Laden training video', The Daily Telegraph, 21 October 2001. 21 S Ahmed, 'The Media Consumption of Young British Muslims' in E Poole and J E Richardson (eds.), op cit, pp. 167–76; M Gillespie, M Michalski, A Preston, R Paterson and T Cheesman, After September 11: Television News and Transnational Audiences (London: BFI, BSC, ESRC, ITC and OU, 2002), <http://www.afterseptember11.tv/download/11%20September%20Research.pdf> 22 David Talbot, 'Terror's Server:Fraud, gruesome propaganda, terror planning: the Net enables it all. The online industry can help fix it.', Technology Review (MIT) February 2005: <http://www.technologyreview.com/Infotech/14150/page1/> 23 <http://tajdeed.org.uk> 24 Quoted in Pintak in E Poole and J E Richardson (eds.), op cit, p. 194. 25 US State Department, 'A Trio of Disinformers: Islam Memo, Muhammad Abu Nasr, and Jihad Unspun: Obscure Web sites play major role in disinformation' in International Information Programs: Identifying Misinformation. (Washington, DC: 2005): <http://usinfo.state.gov/media/Archive/2005/Apr/08‐205989.html>. 26 Dan Glaister & Julian Borger, '1,800 new picture add to US disgust: Stills shown of women forced to bare breasts', The Guardian, 13 May 2004; Tracy Wilkinson, 'A Double Ordeal for Female Prisoners', Los Angeles Times, 11 May 2004; Luke Harding, 'Focus shifts to jail abuse of women', The Guardian, 12 May 2004. 27 US Army, Article 15‐6 Investigation of the 800th Military Police Brigade [prepared by Maj. Gen. Antonio M. Taguba, 2004], p. 17: <http://www.fas.org/irp/agency/dod/taguba.pdf.> 28 Glaister & Borger, op cit. 29 Pintak, op cit, International Crisis Group, op cit, Kull, op cit, Hammond, op cit. 30 Richard Lloyd‐Parry, 'So who really did save Private Jessica?' The Times, 16 April 2003. 31 Hammond, op cit, p.29. 32 BBC News, 'US used white phosphorus in Iraq' November 16 2005: <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4440664.stm>. 33 Colin Brown, 'US lied to Britain over use of napalm in Iraq war', The Independent, 17 May 2005. 34 Jeremy Scahill, 'The War on Al Jazeera', The Nation, 19 December 2005; Phillip Knightley, 'History or bunkum?' British Journalism Review (Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 7–14). 35 David Barstow and Robin Stein 'Under Bush, a New Age of Prepackaged Television News', The New York Times, 13 March 2005. 36 Prasun Sonwalkar, 'New Imperialism: Contra View from the South', in C Paterson and A Sreberny (eds.) International News in the Twenty‐first Century (London: John Libbey, 2004), pp. 111–25. 37 FOSIS, The Voice of Muslim Students. A Report into Attitudes and Perception of Muslim Students Following the July 7th London Attacks (London: Federation of Student Islamic Societies, 2005): <http://www.fosis.org.uk/committees/sac/FullReport.pdf>; Guardian/ICM, 'Muslim Poll – November 2004', The Guardian, (London: 30 November 2004): <http://image.guardian.co.uk/sysfiles/Guardian/documents/2004/11/30/Muslims‐Nov041.pdf>; YouGov, Results of survey of 526 British Muslims within survey on 'Britishness' commissioned by the Daily Telegraph, 25 July 2005: <http://www.yougov.com/archives/pdf/TEL050101030_1.pdf>. 38 Al Mujahid, 'Our Youth Are Allergic To The Word Jihad', Jihad Unspun, <http://www.jihadunspun.com/intheatre_internal.php?article=103103&list=/home.php>, accessed 2006, extracts in Robert Spencer 'Our Youth Are Allergic To The Word Jihad', Jihadwatch, <http://www.jihadwatch.org/archives/006592.php>. 39 Akil N Awan, 'Transitional Religiosity Experiences: Contextual Disjuncture and Islamic Political Radicalism', in Tahir Abbas (ed.) Islamic Political Radicalism: A European Comparative Perspective (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007), pp. 207–31.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.907
Threshold uncertainty score0.232

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.014
GPT teacher head0.229
Teacher spread0.215 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it